Bawang Putih / Garlic

Bawang putih digunakan sebagai bumbu yang digunakan hampir di setiap makanan dan masakan Malaysia. Sebelum dipakai sebagai ramuan, bawang putih dihancurkan dengan ditekan dengan sisi pisau (dikeprek) sebelum dihiris halus dan ditumis dengan sedikit minyak goreng. Bawang putih boleh juga ditumbuk dengan pelbagai jenis bahan ramuan yang lain.
Bawang putih mempunyai khasiat sebagai antibiotik alami di dalam tubuh manusia. Bawang ini telah dikenal pasti dapat memecahkan kolesterol yang menyekat perjalanan darah pada salur darah dan kolesterol ini dikenal pasti sebagai punca kepada penyakit darah tinggi.Ia juga membantu menyegarkan pernafasan sekalipun tempat yang banyak karbon monoksida (asap kenderaan).
Sayuran ini juga dapat menghindarkan seseorang daripada diserang kanser kerana kandungan mineralnya membantutkan ketumbuhan tumor dalam tubuh badan.Selain itu bagi mereka yang mempunyai masalah jerawat, kuman tersebut dapat dibunuh dengan menumbuk bawang putih serta menepekkannya di bahagian yang berjerawat.

Allium sativum L., commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion family Alliaceae. Its close relatives include the onion, the shallot, and the leek. Garlic has been used throughout recorded history for both culinary and medicinal purposes. It has a characteristic pungent, spicy flavor that mellows and sweetens considerably with cooking.[1]. A bulb of garlic, the most commonly used part of the plant, is divided into numerous fleshy sections called cloves. The cloves are used as seed, for consumption (raw or cooked), and for medicinal purposes. The leaves, stems (scape) and flowers (bulbils) on the head (spathe) are also edible and most often consumed while immature and still tender. The papery, protective layers of 'skin' over various parts of the plant and the roots attached to the bulb are the only parts not considered palatable.

Garlic is widely used around the world for its pungent flavor, as a seasoning or condiment. It is a fundamental component in many or most dishes of various regions including Eastern Asia, South Asia, South-East Asia, the Middle-East, Northern Africa, Southern Europe, and parts of South and Central America. The flavour varies in intensity and aroma with cooking methods. It is often paired with onion, tomato, or ginger. The parchment-like skin is much like the skin of an onion, and is typically removed before using in raw or cooked form. An alternative is to cut the top off the bulb, coat cloves of garlic by dribbling olive oil (or other oil based seasoning) over them and roast them in the oven. The garlic softens and can be extracted from the cloves by squeezing the (root) end of the bulb or individually by squeezing one end of the clove.
Oils are often flavored with garlic cloves. Commercially prepared oils are widely available, but when preparing garlic-infused oil at home, there is a risk of botulism if the product is not stored properly. To reduce this risk, the oil should be refrigerated and used within one week. Manufacturers add acids and/or other chemicals to eliminate the risk of botulism in their products.[5]
In some cuisine, the young bulbs are pickled for 3–6 weeks in a mixture of sugar, salt and spices. In Eastern Europe the shoots are pickled and eaten as an appetizer.
Immature scapes are tender and edible. They are also known as 'garlic spears', 'stems', or 'tops'. Scapes generally have a milder taste than cloves. They are often used in stir frying or prepared like asparagus. Garlic leaves are a popular vegetable in many parts of Asia. The leaves are cut, cleaned and then stir-fried with eggs, meat, or vegetables.
Mixing garlic with eggs and olive oil produces aioli. Garlic, oil, and a chunky base produce skordalia. Blending garlic, almond, oil and soaked bread produces ajoblanco.
About 1/4 teaspoon of dried powdered garlic is equivalent to one fresh clove.